Chapter 9

Summary and Conclusions

by Kristin A. Kuckelman

References Cited

Adams 1996*1

Adams, E. C.

1996    The Pueblo III–Pueblo IV Transition in the Hopi Area, Arizona. In The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150–1350, edited by M. A. Adler, pp. 48–58. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Adler 1990*1

Adler, M. A.

1990    Communities of Soil and Stone: An Archaeological Investigation of Population Aggregation Among the Mesa Verde Region Anasazi, A.D. 900–1300. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

Adler 1992*3

Adler, M. A.

1992    The Upland Survey. In The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report, edited by W. D. Lipe, pp. 11–23. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Billman et al. 2000*1

Billman, B. R., P. M. Lambert, and B. L. Leonard

2000    Cannibalism, Warfare, and Drought in the Mesa Verde Region During the Twelfth Century A.D. American Antiquity 65:145–178.

Bradley 1992*2

Bradley, B. A.

1992    Excavations at Sand Canyon Pueblo. In The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report, edited by W. D. Lipe, pp. 79–97. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Bradley 1993*1

Bradley, B. A.

1993    Planning, Growth, and Functional Differentiation at a Prehistoric Pueblo: A Case Study from SW Colorado. Journal of Field Archaeology 20:23–42.

Bradley 1996*1

Bradley, B. A.

1996    Pitchers to Mugs: Chacoan Revival at Sand Canyon Pueblo. Kiva 61:241–255.

Bunzel 1992*1

Bunzel, R. L.

1992    Zuni Ceremonialism. Reprinted. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque. Originally published 1932, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Cattanach 1980*1

Cattanach, G. S., Jr.

1980    Long House, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. Publications in Archeology, no. 7H. National Park Service, Washington, D.C.

Churchill et al. 1998*1

Churchill, M. J., K. A. Kuckelman, and M. D. Varien

1998    Public Architecture in the Mesa Verde Region, AD 900 to 1300. Paper presented at the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Seattle.

Cole 2004*1

Cole, S. J.

2004    Archeological Documentation and Assessment of Rock Art in Mesa Verde National Park, 1999–2004. Report submitted to the Mesa Verde Museum Association, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado.

Cordell 1984*1

Cordell, L. S.

1984    Prehistory of the Southwest. Academic Press, New York.

Crown et al. 1996*1

Crown, P. L., J. D. Orcutt, and T. A. Kohler

1996    Pueblo Cultures in Transition: The Northern Rio Grande. In The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150–1350, edited by M. A. Adler, pp. 188–204. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Dean and Van West 2002*1

Dean, J. S., and C. R. Van West

2002    Environment-Behavior Relationships in Southwestern Colorado. In Seeking the Center Place: Archaeology and Ancient Communities in the Mesa Verde Region, edited by M. D. Varien and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 81–99. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Decker and Tieszen 1989*1

Decker, K. W., and L. L. Tieszen

1989    Isotopic Reconstruction of Mesa Verde Diet from Basketmaker III to Pueblo III. Kiva 55:33–47.

Douglass 1929*1

Douglass, A. E.

1929    The Secret of the Southwest Solved by Talkative Tree Rings. National Geographic 56:737–770.

Driver 2002*4

Driver, J. C.

2002    Faunal Variation and Change in the Northern San Juan Region. In Seeking the Center Place: Archaeology and Ancient Communities in the Mesa Verde Region, edited by M. D. Varien and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 143–160. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Fewkes 1909*1

Fewkes, J. W.

1909    Antiquities of the Mesa Verde National Park: Spruce-Tree House. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin, no. 41. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Fewkes 1911*1

Fewkes, J. W.

1911    Antiquities of the Mesa Verde National Park: Cliff Palace. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin, no. 51. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Fewkes 1916*1

Fewkes, J. W.

1916    Excavation and Repair of Sun Temple, Mesa Verde National Park. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C.

Goodwill-Cohen 2001*1

Goodwill-Cohen, L. F.

2001    A Space Syntax Analysis of Prudden Units in the Mesa Verde Region of Southwestern Colorado: AD 750–1300. Unpublished Master's thesis, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge.

Haas and Creamer 1996*1

Haas, J., and W. Creamer

1996    The Role of Warfare in the Pueblo III Period. In The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150–1350, edited by M. A. Adler, pp. 205–213. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Hammett and Olsen 1984*1

Hammett, J. E., and N. H. Olsen (editors)

1984    Hovenweep 1977. Archeological Report, no. 4. San Jose State University, San Jose.

Huber 1993*1

Huber, E. K.

1993    Thirteenth Century Pueblo Aggregation and Organizational Change in Southwestern Colorado. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman.

Huber and Lipe 1992*1

Huber, E. K., and W. D. Lipe

1992    Excavations at the Green Lizard Site. In The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report, edited by W. D. Lipe, pp. 69–77. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Kane and Robinson 1988*1

Kane, A. E., and C. K. Robinson (compilers)

1988    Dolores Archaeological Program: Anasazi Communities at Dolores: McPhee Village. Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering and Research Center, Denver.

Karhu 2000*1

Karhu, S.

2000    Mortuary Practices and Population Health at Two Yellow Jacket Hamlets, 5MT1 and 5MT3. University of Colorado Museum, Boulder.

Katzenberg 1995*1

Katzenberg, M. A.

1995    Report on Bone Chemistry Studies from the Sand Canyon Locality. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Kuckelman 2000*5

Kuckelman, K. A.

2000    Architecture. In The Archaeology of Castle Rock Pueblo: A Thirteenth-Century Village in Southwestern Colorado [HTML Title], edited by K. A. Kuckelman. Available: https://www.crowcanyon.org/castlerock.

Kuckelman 2000*1

Kuckelman, K. A. (editor)

2000    The Archaeology of Castle Rock Pueblo: A Thirteenth-Century Village in Southwestern Colorado [HTML Title]. Available: https://www.crowcanyon.org/castlerock.

Kuckelman 2002*1

Kuckelman, K. A.

2002    Thirteenth-Century Warfare in the Central Mesa Verde Region. In Seeking the Center Place: Archaeology and Ancient Communities in the Mesa Verde Region, edited by M. D. Varien and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 233–253. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Kuckelman 2003*4

Kuckelman, K. A.

2003    The Archaeology of Yellow Jacket Pueblo (Site 5MT5): Excavations at a Large Community Center in Southwestern Colorado [HTML Title]. Available: https://www.crowcanyon.org/yellowjacket. Date of use: 7 March 2006.

Kuckelman 2003*1

Kuckelman, K. A.

2003    Structural Burning in the Ancient Puebloan Northern Southwest. Paper presented at the 68th Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, Milwaukee.

Kuckelman 2006*1

Kuckelman, K. A.

2006    An Agent-Centered Case Study of the Depopulation of Sand Canyon Pueblo. In Agency in the Ancient Southwest, edited by M. D. Varien and J. M. Potter. Rowman and Littlefield, Lanham, Maryland, in press.

Kuckelman 2006*2

Kuckelman, K. A.

2006    Ancient Violence in the Mesa Verde Region. In The Mesa Verde World: Explorations in Ancestral Pueblo Archaeology, edited by D. G. Noble, pp. 126–135. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe.

Kuckelman 2007*1

Kuckelman, K. A.

2007    The Depopulation of Sand Canyon Pueblo, a Large Ancestral Pueblo Village in Southwestern Colorado. American Antiquity, in press.

Kuckelman et al. 2000*2

Kuckelman, K. A., R. R. Lightfoot, and D. L. Martin

2000    The Bioarchaeology and Taphonomy of Violence at Castle Rock and Sand Canyon Pueblos, Southwestern Colorado. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Kuckelman et al. 2000*1

Kuckelman, K. A., R. R. Lightfoot, and D. L. Martin

2000    Changing Patterns of Violence in the Northern San Juan Region. Kiva 66:147–165.

Kuckelman et al. 2002*2

Kuckelman, K. A., R. R. Lightfoot, and D. L. Martin

2002    The Bioarchaeology and Taphonomy of Violence at Castle Rock and Sand Canyon Pueblos, Southwestern Colorado. American Antiquity 67:486–513.

Lightfoot 1988*1

Lightfoot, R. R.

1988    Roofing an Early Anasazi Great Kiva: Analysis of an Architectural Model. The Kiva 53:253–272.

Lightfoot 1994*1

Lightfoot, R. R.

1994    The Duckfoot Site, Volume 2: Archaeology of the House and Household. Occasional Papers, no. 4. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe 1970*1

Lipe, W. D.

1970    Anasazi Communities in the Red Rock Plateau, Southeastern Utah. In Reconstructing Prehistoric Pueblo Societies, edited by W. A. Longacre, pp. 84–139. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque.

Lipe 1989*1

Lipe, W. D.

1989    Social Scale of Mesa Verde Anasazi Kivas. In The Architecture of Social Integration in Prehistoric Pueblos, edited by W. D. Lipe and M. Hegmon, pp. 53–71. Occasional Papers, no. 1. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe 1992*3

Lipe, W. D.

1992    Introduction. In The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report, edited by W. D. Lipe, pp. 1–10. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe 1992*2

Lipe, W. D.

1992    Summary and Concluding Comments. In The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report, edited by W. D. Lipe, pp. 121–133. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe 1992*1

Lipe, W. D. (editor)

1992    The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: A Progress Report. Occasional Papers, no. 2. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe 1995*1

Lipe, W. D.

1995    The Depopulation of the Northern San Juan: Conditions in the Turbulent 1200s. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 14:143–169.

Lipe 2002*1

Lipe, W. D.

2002    Social Power in the Central Mesa Verde Region, A.D. 1150–1290. In Seeking the Center Place: Archaeology and Ancient Communities in the Mesa Verde Region, edited by M. D. Varien and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 203–232. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Lipe and Bradley 1986*1

Lipe, W. D., and B. A. Bradley

1986    Prehistoric Pueblo Organization, Goodman Point Locality, Southwestern Colorado. Proposal submitted to the National Science Foundation. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Lipe and Ortman 2000*1

Lipe, W. D., and S. G. Ortman

2000    Spatial Patterning in Northern San Juan Villages, A.D. 1050–1300. Kiva 66:91–122.

Lipe and Varien 1999*1

Lipe, W. D., and M. D. Varien

1999    Pueblo III (A.D. 1150–1300). In Colorado Prehistory: A Context for the Southern Colorado River Basin, edited by W. D. Lipe, M. D. Varien, and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 290–352. Colorado Council of Professional Archaeologists, Denver.

Martin 1936*1

Martin, P. S.

1936    Lowry Ruin in Southwestern Colorado. Anthropological Series, vol. 23, no. 1. Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.

Matson and Chisholm 1991*1

Matson, R. G., and B. Chisholm

1991    Basketmaker II Subsistence: Carbon Isotopes and Other Dietary Indicators from Cedar Mesa, Utah. American Antiquity 56:444–459.

McClellan 1969*1

McClellan, G. E.

1969    The Origin, Development, and Typology of Anasazi Kivas and Great Kivas. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado, Boulder.

Meyer 1995*1

Meyer, D. A.

1995    Factors Affecting the Use of Stable Carbon Isotope Data from the Southwest: A Case Study from the Four Corners Region. University of Calgary Technical Paper. Manuscript on file, Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Morgan 1994*1

Morgan, W. N.

1994    Ancient Architecture of the Southwest. University of Texas Press, Austin.

Morris 1921*1

Morris, E. H.

1921    The House of the Great Kiva at the Aztec Ruin. Anthropological Papers, vol. 26, part 2. American Museum of Natural History, New York.

Muir 1999*2

Muir, R. J.

1999    Zooarchaeology of Sand Canyon Pueblo, Colorado. Unpublished Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Archaeology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia.

Muir and Driver 2002*2

Muir, R. J., and J. C. Driver

2002    Scale of Analysis and Zooarchaeological Interpretation: Pueblo III Faunal Variation in the Northern San Juan Region. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology 21:165–199.

Muir and Driver 2004*1

Muir, R. J., and J. C. Driver

2004    Identifying Ritual Use of Animals in the Northern American Southwest. In Behaviour Behind Bones: The Zooarchaeology of Ritual, Religion, Status and Identity, edited by S. J. O'Day, W. Van Neer, and A. Ervynck, pp. 128–143. Proceeding of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, Durham, August 2002. Oxbow Books, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Nordenskiöld 1979*1

Nordenskiöld, G.

1979    The Cliff Dwellers of the Mesa Verde, Southwestern Colorado: Their Pottery and Implements. Translated by D. L. Morgan. Reprinted. Rio Grande Press, Glorieta, New Mexico. Originally published 1893, P. A. Norstedt and Söner, Stockholm.

Ortman 2000*2

Ortman, S. G.

2000    Artifacts. In The Archaeology of Castle Rock Pueblo: A Thirteenth-Century Village in Southwestern Colorado [HTML Title], edited by K. A. Kuckelman. Available: https://www.crowcanyon.org/castlerock.

Ortman and Bradley 2002*1

Ortman, S. G., and B. A. Bradley

2002    Sand Canyon Pueblo: The Container in the Center. In Seeking the Center Place: Archaeology and Ancient Communities in the Mesa Verde Region, edited by M. D. Varien and R. H. Wilshusen, pp. 41–78. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Parsons 1939*1

Parsons, E. C.

1939    Pueblo Indian Religion. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

Petersen and Matthews 1987*1

Petersen, K. L., and M. H. Matthews

1987    Man's Impact on the Landscape: A Prehistoric Example from the Dolores River Anasazi, Southwestern Colorado. Journal of the West 26(3):4–16.

Reid et al. 1996*1

Reid, J. J., J. R. Welch, B. K. Montgomery, and M. N. Zedeño

1996    A Demographic Overview of the Late Pueblo III Period in the Mountains of East-Central Arizona. In The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150–1350, edited by M. A. Adler, pp. 73–85. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Rice and LeBlanc 2001*1

Rice, G. E., and S. A. LeBlanc (editors)

2001    Deadly Landscapes: Case Studies in Prehistoric Southwestern Warfare. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City.

Robinson and Cameron 1991*1

Robinson, W. J., and C. M. Cameron

1991    A Directory of Tree-Ring Dated Prehistoric Sites in the American Southwest. Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson.

Rohn 1971*1

Rohn, A. H.

1971    Mug House, Mesa Verde National Park, Colorado. Archeological Research Series, no. 7-D. National Park Service, Washington, D.C.

Smith 1952*1

Smith, W.

1952    Kiva Mural Decorations at Awatovi and Kawaika-a, with a Survey of Other Wall Paintings in the Pueblo Southwest. Papers of the Peabody Museum of American Archaeology and Ethnology, vol. 37. Harvard University, Cambridge.

Stevenson 1904*1

Stevenson, M. C.

1904    The Zuñi Indians: Their Mythology, Esoteric Fraternities, and Ceremonies. In Twenty-Third Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1901–1902, pp. 3–634. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Varien 1999*1

Varien, M. D.

1999    Sedentism and Mobility in a Social Landscape: Mesa Verde and Beyond. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Varien 1999*7

Varien, M. D. (editor)

1999    The Sand Canyon Archaeological Project: Site Testing [HTML Title]. Available: https://www.crowcanyon.org/SiteTesting.

Varien et al. 1996*1

Varien, M. D., W. D. Lipe, M. A. Adler, I. M. Thompson, and B. A. Bradley

1996    Southwestern Colorado and Southeastern Utah Settlement Patterns: A.D. 1100 to 1300. In The Prehistoric Pueblo World, A.D. 1150–1350, edited by M. A. Adler, pp. 86–113. University of Arizona Press, Tucson.

Varien et al. 2007*1

Varien, M. D., S. G. Ortman, T. A. Kohler, D. M. Glowacki, and C. D. Johnson

2007    Historical Ecology in the Mesa Verde Region: Results from the Village Ecodynamics Project. American Antiquity 72:273–299.

Vivian and Reiter 1965*1

Vivian, R. G., and P. Reiter

1965    The Great Kivas of Chaco Canyon and Their Relationships. Monographs, no. 22. School of American Research, Santa Fe.

White 1932*1

White, L. A.

1932    The Acoma Indians. In Forty-Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1929–1930, pp. 17–192. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

White 1962*1

White, L. A.

1962    The Pueblo of Sia, New Mexico. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin, no. 184. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

Wilcox and Haas 1994*1

Wilcox, D. R., and J. Haas

1994    The Scream of the Butterfly: Competition and Conflict in the Prehistoric Southwest. In Themes in Southwest Prehistory, edited by G. J. Gumerman, pp. 211–238. School of American Research Press, Santa Fe.

Wilshusen 1989*2

Wilshusen, R. H.

1989    Unstuffing the Estufa: Ritual Floor Features in Anasazi Pit Structures and Pueblo Kivas. In The Architecture of Social Integration in Prehistoric Pueblos, edited by W. D. Lipe and M. Hegmon, pp. 89–111. Occasional Papers, no. 1. Crow Canyon Archaeological Center, Cortez, Colorado.

Winter 1975*1

Winter, J. C.

1975    Hovenweep 1974. Archeological Report, no. 1. San Jose State University, San Jose.

Winter 1976*1

Winter, J. C.

1976    Hovenweep 1975. Archeological Report, no. 2. San Jose State University, San Jose.

Winter 1977*1

Winter, J. C.

1977    Hovenweep 1976. Archeological Report, no. 3. San Jose State University, San Jose.

Winter 1978*1

Winter, J. C.

1978    Anasazi Agriculture at Hovenweep, I: Field Systems. In Limited Activity and Occupation Sites: A Collection of Conference Papers, compiled and edited by A. E. Ward, pp. 83–97. Contributions to Anthropological Studies, no. 1. Center for Anthropological Studies, Albuquerque.

Copyright © 2007 by Crow Canyon Archaeological Center. All rights reserved.