Structure 22-S, masonry surface structure

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Features

Doorway (Feature 1) Top of page
General description
T-shaped doorway.
Use history
This feature allowed access between the alcove room (Structure 22-S) and the kiva roof/courtyard of Structure 13-S. The base of this doorway rests at the same elevation as the base of another doorway (Structure 21-S, F-1), that also provided access to the kiva roof/courtyard of Structure 13-S.
Associated features
None.
Excavation procedure
Not excavated, only recorded; part of standing architecture.
Portion excavated
Visible portion.
Horizontal location
South wall.
Vertical location
Rests on top of lower south wall; the top of the sill is 94 cm from modern ground surface.
Construction
This feature was constructed as part of the south wall. A sill stone was laid, then three courses of masonry, and then six courses were inset from the lower courses to create a T-shape; a lintel stone was laid across the top. All cornerstones were pecked and/or ground on most of the exposed faces.
Remodeling/ modification
No
Thermal alteration
No
Sooting
No
Sealed
No
Preservation
Poor.
Degree of preservation
The top, west side, and most of the base are not preserved and were either destroyed by natural and/or human processes.
Shape in plan view
Actual:  unknown.
Inferred: 
Shape in cross section
Actual:  unknown.
Inferred: 
Shape comments
Inferred frontal view is T-shaped.
Dimensions
 
Actual
Complete?
Inferred
Comments
Length
No
Unkown because the west section has collapsed; the length could not be wider than 72 cm since that is the distance from the east edge of the doorway to the cliff face.
Width
26
Yes
Front-to-back; north-south.
Height
Yes
93
Measurement taken along the east edge from the bottom to the top. The top of the doorway was inferred from where the surface treatment ends on the interior face of the stones.
Depth
No
Stratigraphy
Stratum
Interpretation
Inclusions
Disturbance
Color
Texture
Other (Feature 2) Top of page
General description
Masonry feature inside an alcove room, Structure 22-S.
Use history
This may be a masonry feature of some sort, possibly a curved retaining wall that was constructed in front of the east wall of Structure 22-S to help support it. It may have also been constructed to fill in gaps between large boulders, and provide a step to get to the east end of the room. The presence of sooting indicates a fire was nearby; there may have been fires inside the natural cavity that is partly enclosed by this wa;;; if so, this could be a masonry thermal feature. Based on wall abuttments, this feature predates a masonry wall to the north (F-3).
Associated features
F-3; may be part of same feature, if this is a shelf.
Excavation procedure
Not excavated, only recorded; part of standing architecture.
Portion excavated
Portion visible.
Horizontal location
East end of Structure 22-S; approximately 30 cm west of the east wall in Structure 22-S.
Vertical location
The north portion of the feature rests on a bedrock shelf (Surface 1). The base of the rest of the feature is not visible.
Construction
The feature was built around several large boulders and on top of a sandstone/conglomerate shelf and two boulders. The boulders may have been intentionally placed or may have been present before construction occurred. A wall, built of sandstone and mortar, mimicks the curvature of the shelf. The walls and part of the shelf were coated with plaster. Since the plaster is adhering to the walls, it is impossible to know if this is one curved wall or two walls coming together at a right angle. See masonry screen for architectural details.
Remodeling/ modification
No
Thermal alteration
No
Sooting
Yes. Soot accumulated on wall plaster, shelf face, and the undersides of the boulder.
Sealed
No
Preservation
Poor.
Degree of preservation
The lower section of the east wall is missing.
Shape in plan view
Actual:  unknown.
Inferred: 
Shape in cross section
Actual:  unknown.
Inferred: 
Shape comments
Dimensions
 
Actual
Complete?
Inferred
Comments
Length
56
No
North-south; may be complete since the wall extends north and south as far as it can go before it hits a boulder to the south and a wall to the north (F-3).
Width
52
No
East-west; width is incomplete since the west end is jagged and the shelf would have contained ample space to build on.
Height
80
No
This measurement was taken from modern ground surface to the top of the wall; based on probing, this measurement is incomplete because masonry extends at least 16 cm below modern ground surface.
Depth
No
Stratigraphy
Stratum
Interpretation
Inclusions
Disturbance
Color
Texture
Wall: other (Feature 3) Top of page
General description
Masonry wall in alcove room, Structure 22-S.
Use history
This may be a retaining wall, step or shelf. It may have been used to enter and exit the room on its east side, assuming a doorway once existed in the east wall of the room. Based on wall abuttments, this wall postdates a masonry feature to the south (F-2).
Associated features
F-2; masonry feature that may be part of this feature.
Excavation procedure
Not excavated, only recorded; part of standing architecture.
Portion excavated
Portion visible.
Horizontal location
East end of Structure 22-S; parallel to and west of the east wall of Structure 22-S; 42 cm from east wall.
Vertical location
Rests on bedrock shelf at the back of the shelter (Surface 1).
Construction
Constructed on bedrock, using stones and mortar; it appears that fill was placed behind the wall and in front of east wall to create a shelf; see masonry screen for architectural details.
Remodeling/ modification
No
Thermal alteration
Yes. One stone on uppermost couse is slightly black; may by fire-blackening.
Sooting
No
Sealed
No
Preservation
Good.
Degree of preservation
At least one stone has collapsed from the wall based on mortar impressions on top of the wall.
Shape in plan view
Actual:  rectangular.
Inferred: 
Shape in cross section
Actual:  rectangular.
Inferred: 
Shape comments
Dimensions
 
Actual
Complete?
Inferred
Comments
Length
80
Yes
End-to-end; north-south.
Width
18
Yes
Side-to-side; east-west; thickness of wall; if fill was placed behind this wall and in front of the east wall to create a shelf, the shelf measures 45 cm wide.
Height
25
No
Mortar on top of the wall has an indentation that at least one other stone sat on the wall.
Depth
No
Stratigraphy
Stratum
Interpretation
Inclusions
Disturbance
Color
Texture